OCUP 2 Found. · OMG · UML Foundations & Common Notation · Bank updated 2026-07-02
OCUP 2 Found. practice questions: UML Foundations & Common Notation
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These 5 questions come from the UML Foundations & Common Notation section of our OCUP 2 Found. bank (58 questions on this area). Every question is original, with the correct answer explained and linked to the source it is drawn from.
1/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · easy
In UML terms, what is a 'model'?
AAn XML file exported from a modeling tool that stores only diagram layout coordinates.
BA coherent set of model elements describing a system, or an aspect of it, that exists independently of any single graphical rendering of that content.
CA textual requirements document produced before any diagrams are drawn.
DA single graphical diagram that must contain every element of the system so that nothing is left undrawn.
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2/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · hard
A class named 'Invoice' is shown on a class diagram with its complete set of attributes and operations. On a separate sequence diagram documenting the 'Submit Invoice' interaction, only two of Invoice's operations appear on its lifeline, and none of its attributes are shown. A stakeholder claims the sequence diagram is incorrect because it 'hides' the other attributes and operations. What is the best response, based on the model/diagram distinction in UML 2.5?
AThe sequence diagram must be deleted and replaced with a class diagram, because sequence diagrams are not permitted to reference classes that have attributes.
BThe omission is acceptable only if the modeling tool automatically synchronizes the two diagrams; otherwise the model is considered inconsistent.
CThe stakeholder is correct: every diagram in a well-formed UML model must show every attribute and operation of every class it references.
DThe sequence diagram is a partial, purpose-specific view of the model; it is valid to omit model elements not relevant to the interaction shown, since one model can be presented through several diagrams that each display a different subset.
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D is correct. UML explicitly supports the idea of one model with many views: different diagrams selectively present the subset of model elements relevant to their purpose, so partial depiction on one diagram is not an error as long as the underlying model remains consistent.
↗ UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
3/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation
Which diagram-kind abbreviation appears in the frame heading of a diagram that shows the states of an Order object (e.g., Created, Shipped, Delivered) connected by transitions triggered by events?
Astm
Bcd
Cact
Dsd
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A is correct. A diagram depicting states and event-triggered transitions of an object's lifecycle is a state machine diagram, whose frame heading uses the abbreviation 'stm'. This is distinct from a sequence diagram ('sd'), which instead shows time-ordered message exchanges between lifelines.
↗ UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
4/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation
An analyst has already produced several detailed sequence diagrams for different sub-scenarios of a claims process and now wants a single diagram showing, at a glance, the order in which those sequence diagrams occur, including a decision point where the flow branches to one of two of them. Which diagram type is designed for exactly this purpose?
AActivity diagram
BTiming diagram
CCommunication diagram
DInteraction overview diagram
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5/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · hard
A class 'Account' has one association to class 'Person' and a separate association to class 'Company'. A dashed line runs from each of these two association lines to a single shared label reading '{xor}'. What does this notation mean?
AThe dashed lines automatically merge the two binary associations into a single n-ary association wherever an {xor} label appears.
BEvery Account instance must simultaneously be linked to exactly one Person and exactly one Company, since {xor} requires both associations to be populated together.
C{xor} is a stereotype applied to the Account classifier that marks it as abstract, unrelated to either association.
DFor any given Account instance, a link may exist to a Person or to a Company through these associations, but not to both at the same time; the constraint restricts the joint use of the two associations.
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D is correct. The {xor} constraint, shown as braced text connected by dashed lines to two or more association ends, states that an instance of the constrained classifier may participate in at most one of the constrained associations at a time. This is a classic example used to illustrate constraints spanning multiple relationships rather than a single element.
↗ UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
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