OCUP 2 Found. · OMG · UML Foundations & Common Notation · Bank updated 2026-10-27
OCUP 2 Found. practice questions: UML Foundations & Common Notation
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These 5 questions come from the UML Foundations & Common Notation section of our OCUP 2 Found. bank (63 questions on this area). Every question is original, with the correct answer explained and linked to the source it is drawn from.
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1/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · easy
In UML terms, what is a 'model'?
AAn XML file exported from a modeling tool that stores only the diagram layout coordinates of the shapes and lines drawn in it.
BA coherent set of model elements describing a system, or an aspect of it, that exists independently of any single graphical rendering.
CA textual requirements document produced before any diagrams are drawn, from which the diagrams are later generated.
DA single graphical diagram that must contain every element of the system, so that nothing in the system is left undrawn.
Answer: B. UML defines a model as the set of semantic model elements (classes, associations, states, etc.) that describe a system or aspect of it; this content is conceptually distinct from any graphical diagram used to view it.
Source: UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
2/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · hard
Which of the following best captures a documented limitation on UML's scope, i.e., something UML explicitly is NOT, according to the UML 2.5 specification?
AUML is not a process or methodology; it defines notation and semantics, leaving lifecycle choices open.
BUML is not extensible, so organizations cannot introduce new stereotypes or domain-specific notations.
CUML is not a graphical language, since most of its diagrams rely primarily on tabular or purely textual formats.
DUML is not usable for behavioral modeling; it can only express the static structure of classes and components.
Answer: A. A recurring point in the UML 2.5 specification's scope statements is that UML is a language for expressing models, not a prescribed process; the other options describe capabilities UML actually has (behavioral modeling, extensibility, graphical notation), so they are incorrect as statements of what UML 'is not'.
Source: UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
3/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · hard
A class named Invoice is defined inside a package named Billing, which is itself nested inside a package named Sales. Sales is a top-level package (owned directly by the model, not by another named package). What is the qualified name of Invoice?
ASales::Billing::Invoice
BBilling::Sales::Invoice
CInvoice::Billing::Sales
DSales.Billing.Invoice
Answer: A. The qualified name is assembled from the root of the explicit namespace hierarchy down to the element itself: Sales (outermost), then Billing (nested inside Sales), then Invoice (the element), joined with '::'. Getting the order or the separator wrong produces an invalid qualified name.
Source: UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
4/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation · hard
An embedded-systems analyst must show that a Sensor lifeline stays in state 'Idle' for at least 5 ms, transitions to 'Sampling' for exactly 2 ms, then moves to 'Transmitting', with an explicit duration constraint annotated between the 'Sampling' and 'Transmitting' transitions. At the awareness level required for OCUP 2 Foundation, which diagram type is designed to depict state-over-time with such duration annotations?
AInteraction overview diagram
BSequence diagram
CTiming diagram
DState machine diagram
Answer: C. Timing diagrams exist specifically to depict how a lifeline's state or value changes over a linear time axis, including explicit duration and time constraints between changes, matching the embedded-systems requirement.
Source: UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
5/5 · UML Foundations & Common Notation
On a use case diagram, a dashed arrow runs from use case 'Place Order' to use case 'Verify Payment', labeled with the keyword «include». Elsewhere in the same model, on a sequence diagram, a dashed arrow with an open (stick) arrowhead points to the top of a newly appearing lifeline and is labeled with the keyword «create». What is the correct reading of how guillemets are used across these two diagrams?
AGuillemets may be applied only to relationships such as «include», never to individual elements like messages, ports, or classifiers.
BGuillemets are meaningful only on use case diagrams; on sequence diagrams they are purely decorative and should be disregarded when interpreting the message.
C«include» denotes a stereotype applied to a classifier while «create» denotes an association's multiplicity, so despite the identical bracket symbols the two notations are unrelated.
DIn both cases, guillemets enclose a keyword classifying the specific kind of relationship or message shown; guillemet notation for keywords is general-purpose across UML diagram types, not restricted to one kind of diagram.
Answer: D. Guillemet notation for keywords is not tied to a single diagram type: it is used to classify relationships such as «include»/«extend» on use case diagrams, and to classify message kinds such as «create»/«destroy» on sequence diagrams. The consistent role of guillemets across contexts is to name the specific kind of element or relationship being shown.
Source: UML 2.5 specification — UML Foundations & Common Notation
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